Papilio fernandus (Fruhstorfer, 1903)

Bioko Island off Equatorial Guinea BMNH  ssp fernandus SW Cameroun female verso ssp praecola
Mt Kala Cameroun May 1999 ssp praecola same data verso

    Western central tropical Africa. The nominate race is confined to the island of Bioko. The top two specimens shown (from the BMNH) are misidentified in D'Arbrera (the left was identified as andronicus, the right as cypraeofila !).  Ssp praecola occurs on the mainland and has somewhat wider bands but maintains the yellow coloration. Another member of the confusing and greatly in need of revision, "zenobia complex"